Examine how intergenerational support varies according to parents' living conditions and whether there are gender differences in the support received in Puerto Rico. The data come from the Puerto Rico Health Conditions and Older Persons Project 2006-2007, a longitudinal study representative of adults aged 60 and over in Puerto Rico (n = 2,288). The association between the parents' type of living together (living alone, with a spouse/partner only, with children) and the receipt of functional support (help with errands, housework and transportation) and health (assistance during illness) by children, as well as the moderation exercised by the parents' gender in this relationship, was evaluated. Intergenerational co-residence was associated with greater chances of receiving functional and health support compared to those living alone. Women were more likely than men to receive both types of support. The gender of parents significantly moderated the relationship between living together and receiving health support: men who lived with their partners were less likely to receive healthcare from their children than women in similar situations. These associations were maintained by restricting the analysis to people with disabilities. Our findings indicate that parents' reception of support from children depends both on their living condition and on their gender, even when their functional health is compromised. These results are discussed based on the heterogeneous influence of living conditions on the support needs of older adults, and suggestions are offered for public policies and future research in the context of accelerated aging in Puerto Rico.

Although the overall incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) has been steadily decreasing in the United States, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of CRC cases among individuals younger than 50 years of age (early-onset CRC). CRC is the second and leading cause of cancer death in the United States and among Hispanic men and women living in Puerto Rico (PRH), respectively. We report the incidence rates of CRC from 2000 to 2021 among PRHs and compare them with data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and Final Results (SEER) Program.

This study aimed to describe the development of the Therapist's Perceived Knowledge Scale on Gender Identity Diversity and to preliminary validate this scale by describing its psychometric properties. This research instrument was built based on existing literature and recommendations for instrument development. Initially, a 36-item scale was designed to assess openness and perceived knowledge about gender identity diversity in therapy. The content validation process involved 12 expert judges, leading to a refined 25-item scale. 57 Puerto Rican trans and non-binary people participated and completed the scale. The exploratory factor analysis revealed a one-dimensional structure, supporting a single factor called “perceived knowledge about gender identity diversity in therapy.” The final scale demonstrated excellent reliability (α = 0.978; Sα = 0.980; Ω = 0.979), indicating a strong internal consistency. This validated scale mainly helps to evaluate the perceptions of trans and non-binary Hispanic people about the knowledge that their therapists have about the diversity of gender identity.

To evaluate the impact of hurricanes Irma and María on the incidence of diabetes in Puerto Rico. Mortality increased substantially after hurricanes, but morbidity was not evaluated. We recruited 364 participants from the San Juan Longitudinal Study of Overweight Adults (SOALS) aged 40 to 65 who completed a three-year follow-up and who were free of diabetes. We conducted additional questionnaires between 1.7 and 2.5 years after the hurricanes. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting glucose and insulin were evaluated at all three visits. We compared the incidence of diabetes between visits prior to hurricanes and between visits that covered the hurricane period using the Generalized Estimated Equation Model (GEE), adjusting for repeated measures within the person, age and body mass index (BMI). The incidence of diabetes was significantly higher in the period covered by the hurricanes than in the period before them (multivariate GEE model: IRR = 2.1; 95% CI: 1.4—3.1). There was a significantly greater increase in the period covered by the hurricanes compared to the period prior to the Evaluation of the Homeostatic Insulin Resistance Model (HOMA-IR) (median: 0.3 IUU/ml vs. 0.2 IUU/ml). HbA1c levels increased by 0.4% in the period covered by the hurricanes. The increases in the incidence of diabetes, HOMA-IR and HbA1c were greater in the period covered by the hurricanes compared to the previous period. The increase in the incidence of diabetes remains significant after adjusting for age and BMI.

In the 6 months after Hurricane Maria, the number of people who died as a result of the hurricane was much higher than was initially estimated from death certificates. The interruption of health services and displacement led to the exacerbation of pre-existing chronic diseases. The objectives of this study were (1) to estimate excess deaths in Puerto Rico in the 6 months after María, (2) to identify the geographical areas that experienced a higher risk of mortality from chronic diseases after María, and (3) to identify the characteristics of community-level vulnerability associated with the fact that some communities had a higher risk of increased mortality from chronic diseases after María. Methods: Death records were obtained from the Demographic Registry of the Puerto Rico Department of Health. Mortality risks per 100,000 inhabitants were calculated for categories of chronic diseases and all-cause mortality during the 6 months following María and the same months of the previous year. A geospatial analysis using the Getis-Ord Gi* statistic was used to determine if the clusters of mortality due to risk of death 6 months after Hurricane Maria, by census tracts, were statistically significant. Multinomial logistic regression was used to model the association between social vulnerability at the level of the census tract and classification as a higher or sustained risk of mortality in the 6 months following Hurricane Maria, compared to the mortality risk of the previous year. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated to measure associations between social vulnerability and mortality risk.Results: In the 6 months after María, there were increases in the risk of mortality from cardiovascular diseases, Alzheimer's, diabetes, sepsis, chronic respiratory diseases, hypertension and all-cause mortality. When examining the community characteristics associated with vulnerability to disasters, neighborhoods with a higher proportion of people over 65, a higher proportion of housing in multifamily structures and a higher proportion of households without vehicles, compared to other neighborhoods in Puerto Rico, were more likely to maintain a high risk of mortality before and after María or to have an increased risk of being a hotbed of mortality from chronic diseases after María.

Given the widespread problems of obesity and diabetes both in Puerto Rico and in the United States as a whole, there is an urgent need to investigate the complex interaction between BMI, pre-gestational and gestational maternal diabetes, and its possible impact on the occurrence of congenital heart defects (CHD) during neonatal development. Using the Comprehensive Congenital Defects Surveillance System in Puerto Rico, we performed a focused analysis on newborns diagnosed with CHD between 2016 and 2020. Our evaluation covered a variety of variables, including maternal age, gestational age, BMI, pre-gestational diabetes, gestational diabetes, hypertension, history of abortion, and the presence of preeclampsia. A cohort of 673 patients was included in the study. The average maternal age was 26 years, with a range of 22 to 32 years. The average gestational age was 39 weeks, with a mean range of 38 to 39 weeks. Of the 673 patients, 274 (41%) mothers gave birth to newborns diagnosed with CHD. Within this group, 22 cases were linked to pre-gestational diabetes, while 202 were not; 20 cases were associated with gestational diabetes, compared to 200 without this condition; and 148 cases had an overweight or obese BMI, while 126 showed a normal BMI.

Objectives: The Puerto Rico Department of Health (PRDH) seeks to identify dengue epidemics with high specificity as soon as possible. Design: Development and prospective application of an early warning system for dengue epidemics using routine historical surveillance data. An intercept-only weekly negative binomial regression model was adjusted using historical data from probable and confirmed cases of dengue. A range of threshold definitions was explored using three percentiles estimated by the model of weekly counts of dengue cases. Environment: Dengue is endemic in Puerto Rico with an irregular occurrence of major epidemics that have a substantial impact on health burden and health systems. Data on probable and confirmed cases of dengue fever are routinely collected at all hospitals and private clinics.Participants: A total of 86,282 confirmed or probable cases of dengue virus were reported from January 1, 1986 to June 30, 2024, with an annual average of 2,212 cases (median: 1,533; range: 40-10,356) .Main and secondary outcome measures: The model was retrospectively adjusted to mimic the real-time detection of epidemics and evaluated based on the sensitivity and specificity of the detection of epidemics.Results: The 75th percentile threshold was the one that best aligned with historical epidemic classifications, balancing false alarms and missed detections. This model provides a robust method for defining thresholds, considering biased data, using all historical data and improving traditional methods such as endemic channels. Conclusions: In March 2024, the PRDH declared a public health emergency due to an early and off-season increase in cases that exceeded the epidemic alert threshold developed in this study. This real-time application highlights the value of these thresholds to support the detection of dengue epidemics and the public health response. Integrating thresholds with other tools and strategies can improve epidemic preparation and management.

This cross-sectional study examines the quality of life related to mental and physical health in U.S. territories. Department of State compared to 50 U.S. states UU.

The year-on-year changes in economic growth on the islands of the Caribbean Antilles demonstrate sensitivity to weather conditions. Daily surpluses of wind and rain caused by temporary storms are negatively related to gross domestic product (GDP). The field regression of the GDP time series from 1971 to 2022 for Puerto Rico and the neighboring islands of the Antilles reveals links with sea temperature in the eastern Pacific. In the composite analysis, an inverted zonal atmospheric circulation emerges over the equatorial Atlantic. Alternating approximately every 7 years, it modulates weather events and economic prosperity in the Caribbean. A multivariate algorithm is developed to predict changes in the annual GDP growth rate. The most influential predictor is precipitable water in the equatorial Atlantic one year earlier. The reduction in humidity superimposed by westerly winds on a global bottleneck at 5° S—5° N, 20—40° W tends to suppress Caribbean storms, leading to economic prosperity in the following year. Statistical methods and strategies for risk reduction are presented.

Objective: This preliminary study aimed to examine the smoking rate among Puerto Rican cancer survivors and identify correlations with demographic, clinical, and psychological factors. Methods: We performed a secondary analysis using baseline data from 384 cancer survivors in Puerto Rico, collected between January 2018 and March 2023. Participants were recruited through community support groups and hospital settings. Data were analyzed on sociodemographic characteristics, type of cancer, treatments, psychological distress (evaluated using the Patient Health Questionnaire-8 for depression and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 for anxiety) and behaviors related to smoking. The significant associations with smoking were then examined using a logistic regression model, adjusted for all significant correlations. Results: 7.5% of the sample reported smoking in the last 6 months, with a median consumption of six cigarettes per day. Depression was the only significant factor correlated with smoking, with participants who smoked reporting higher levels of depression. Other variables, such as age, gender, type of cancer and treatments, showed no significant correlation with smoking behavior. In the logistic regression model, high depressive symptoms were significantly associated with a greater likelihood of smoking, with people who reported such symptoms 3.03 times more likely to smoke (95% CI [1.39, 6.63], P = .005). Other variables, such as age, gender, type of cancer, and treatments, showed no significant correlation with smoking behavior. Conclusion: Depressive symptoms are associated with smoking among Puerto Rican cancer survivors. This finding highlights the critical need to integrate mental health screening and support into smoking cessation programs adapted to this population.

Puerto Rico is aging faster than almost any other country, with 2020 estimates placing the proportion of adults over 65 as the tenth highest in the world. Unlike most places, aging in Puerto Rico is driven both by (a) the culmination of prolonged trends in fertility and mortality, and by (b) the high levels of emigration of working-age adults, which contribute directly (leaving young people) and indirectly (reducing births) to the rate of population aging. This article provides an overview of the main issues related to population aging in Puerto Rico. Policymakers and government leaders must plan for the unconventional aging of Puerto Rico's population, which will aggravate traditional concerns about the sustainability of government services and long-term economic prospects. Concerns also arise related to the reduction of social support networks and their impact on the dynamics of care and the implications for health. Puerto Rico's unique history and its political relationship with the United States present challenges and benefits for its aging population. Research on aging in Puerto Rico and public health policies must be adapted to the needs of the country's aging society.

Presents a study on the impact of the Child Tax Credit (CTC) in Puerto Rico and its benefits on society.

An effective and widely used vaccine could reduce the burden of dengue virus (DENV) worldwide. DENV is endemic in Puerto Rico, where the CYD-TDV dengue vaccine is currently being considered as a control measure. The CYD-TDV vaccine has demonstrated efficacy in clinical trials in vaccinated people who had a previous infection with the dengue virus. However, in vaccinated people who had no previous infection with the dengue virus, the vaccine posed a modestly high risk of hospitalization and serious illness. Therefore, the WHO recommended a screening strategy prior to vaccination and vaccination of HIV-positive people. To estimate the cost-effectiveness and benefits of this intervention (i.e., screening and vaccination of HIV-positive people) in Puerto Rico, we simulated 10 years of intervention in 9-year-old children using an agent-based model. Across the population, we found that 5.5% (4.6%-6.3%) of hospitalizations for dengue fever could be avoided. However, we also found that there could be 0.057 (0.045—0.073) additional hospitalizations per 1,000 people in Puerto Rico due to DENV-naïve children who were vaccinated after a false-positive result in the previous exposure test. The ratio between avoided hospitalizations among all those vaccinated and additional hospitalizations among those vaccinated naïve to DENV was estimated to be 19 (13—24). With a base vaccination cost of 382 USD, we found an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of 122,000 USD per Quality Adjusted Years of Life (QALY) earned. Our estimates can provide information for considering the introduction of the CYD-TDV vaccine in Puerto Rico.

Puerto Rico (PR) has faced environmental and public health challenges that could have significantly affected access to cancer screening. Using administrative data from claims from the Medicaid population in PR, this study evaluated trends in colorectal and breast cancer detection from 2016 to 2021, the impact of disasters on detection, and the absolute deficit in detection due to the pandemic. The monthly claim rates were analyzed using Poisson regression. Significant reductions were seen in the use of screening for breast and colorectal cancer. The colorectal cancer detection rate in 2017 was 77% lower one month after hurricanes Irma and Maria [Adjusted RR: 0.23; 95% CI: 0.20, 0.25] compared to the same period in 2016. Breast cancer detection fell 50% in November 2017 compared to November 2016 [Adjusted RR: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.47, 0.54]. Prospectively, only a recovery has been observed in use for the detection of breast cancer. The results revealed that the use of cancer screening decreased substantially after environmental disasters and the pandemic. These findings have potential serious long-term implications for cancer health disparities and mortality in PR.

Within disaster-affected communities, resident exposures and post-disaster mental health outcomes can vary widely. However, few studies have explored the relationship between these various disaster-related exposures and post-traumatic growth (CPT) in a Puerto Rican context.

The purpose of the Economic Cycle Indicators Report is to: Evaluate the current economic situation: It uses the Index of Coincident Indicators (IIC) to measure the present state of economic activity.Provide a short-term economic forecast: Use the Index of Advanced Indicators (IIA) to anticipate future economic trends.Identify key economic risks: The document highlights potential threats to economic dynamism, consumption and investment.Analyze contributing factors: The report details the performance of various economic variables, such as employment, manufacturing, construction and retail sales, and their impact on general indices.

This report, based on a convenience sample of 777 entrepreneurs (9% more than in 2023) and 102 support organizations (21% more than the previous year), representing 148 business support resources — 70% of the business ecosystem—, offers a diverse and valuable view of the ecosystem from the perspective of those who live it.

The purpose of the Economic Cycle Indicators Report is to: Evaluate the current economic situation: It uses the Index of Coincident Indicators (IIC) to measure the present state of economic activity.Provide a short-term economic forecast: Use the Index of Advanced Indicators (IIA) to anticipate future economic trends.Identify key economic risks: The document highlights potential threats to economic dynamism, consumption and investment.Analyze contributing factors: The report details the performance of various economic variables, such as employment, manufacturing, construction and retail sales, and their impact on general indices.

It provides the most up-to-date data that is generally collected every 10 years during the census, to measure the change in the socio-demographic and economic characteristics of the population and on the characteristics of housing over the years.

It presents a study that reports on the Puerto Rican population in the United States, their lifestyle, the reasons why they emigrated and the reasons why they would return to the island.

Chronic kidney disease promotes health conditions such as heart problems, anemia, low levels of calcium, high levels of potassium and phosphorus, loss of appetite and depression (CDC, 2024b). In turn, there are risk factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing chronic kidney disease (NFK, 2023). The most common factors are diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, obesity, adults over 60, family history, tobacco use and/or consumption, glomerular diseases, infections, and cancer (NFK, 2023).

This report presents the profile of the 2023 class, which corresponds to the study of the characteristics of public and private school students who indicated that they were candidates for graduation in Puerto Rico at the end of the 2023 academic year. It should be noted that other educational sectors such as homeschoolers and other programs are not included in this report. For students who repeated the tests within the period from June 2022 to February 2023, the result corresponding to the highest score obtained in each PAA test is reported. In addition, the examinees (n = 29 055) are described in terms of their performance and their academic profile based on the answers to the “Questionnaire for Postsecondary Guidance” (COP).

Residents of U.S. Territories—American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands—are not equally represented in critical federal data collections in comparison to the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Federal statistical products are essential to meeting the needs of people in the territories, from education to health care to emergency preparedness. Policymakers, researchers, and others cannot fully understand the social, environmental, and economic challenges residents of U.S. territories face without timely and accurate data. The missing statistical information about U.S. territories is a racial justice and equity issue. The vast majority of the 3.6 million people in U.S. territories are people of color. Inequality in data collection programs reflects and sometimes deepens discrimination against these communities of color.

The discovery of the findings of the main research related to shopping habits in Puerto Rico takes place on the morning of Thursday, June 19, at the Convention Center, as part of the MIDA Conference & Food Show 2025.We are faced with a consumer who is not limited to buying products, the current consumer buys solutions and we must be able to understand the dynamics of their behavior, understanding that relationship between product personalization — brands — and consumers. Consumer Radiography has a sample of 1,350 people house-to-house and an online survey of 250 consumers. All of this reveals the changes in habits and routines that consumers establish through the products and services they buy, as well as the patterns that define that frequency, time and quantity of these purchases.

Puerto Rico's Nutrition Assistance Program (PAN) provided monthly benefits to nearly 1.5 million people in 2021. Changes to this program have far-reaching consequences for families and the economy. Over the past four years, there has been increased attention to the inclusion of Puerto Rico in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), the largest federal nutrition program in place in the United States, Washington, D.C., the U.S. Virgin Islands. U.S. and Guam. The movement to include Puerto Rico in SNAP has recently gained momentum, as the issue of equity for U.S. territories has become more relevant in the public conversation. Although bills have been introduced in Congress for a transition from PAN to SNAP, their approach varies. As Congress contemplates the 2023 Farm Bill, the implications of a transition become a necessary focus to advocate for language and alternatives that consider gaps in benefits. This study aims to present information that can inform and enrich this debate. Next, we compared the PAN, the federal block subsidy for nutrition assistance in Puerto Rico, with SNAP. The description of the PAN is based on the regulations applicable to the federal fiscal year (FFY) 2022. These rules are established in Program Regulations No. 8684 of December 28, 2015 of the Administration for Socioeconomic Development of the Family (ADSEF) of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. Program operations and any changes to program standards are submitted annually to the USDA Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) in the state's annual plan of operations. The most recent state plan at the time of writing this document corresponds to FFY 2022. The SNAP rules are obtained from various documents on the FNS-SNAP website and from government reports related to SNAP budgets and regulations.

Report of the United Group of Automobile Importers (GUIA) which presents data on sales of new cars up to January 2025.

It presents a study on planning in the process of contraction towards an economy and a smaller population.

In Fiscal Year 2023, the Department of Finance failed to meet the collection goals set out in the Fiscal Plan by nearly $300 million. So far in Fiscal 2024, collections have improved, but the fiscal future could be complicated due to the unintended effects of the change from arbitration to foreign corporations (fixed 4%) to Law 52 and the reduction of Medicaid funding starting in FY 2028. In addition, the need to replace the inventory tax with an alternative that is less distorting for the economy is recognized. An ongoing initiative that, with some adjustments, could become an important source of revenue is taxes on sports betting. In this article, we will examine trends in the United States, where sports betting is an industry that has grown in triple digits, in 2022 it represented $93 billion and generated $1.5 billion in revenues for states. We will also explore the reality of sports betting in Puerto Rico and the revenue projections under various scenarios.

Cultural consumption and participation represent a universal human right and, at the same time, a critical stage in the value chain that contributes to the sustainability of creative production. In general terms, it represents the moment when the connection between the cultural product and the audiences is achieved, which materializes in some form of economic, social, educational or cultural impact. Public policies have a great responsibility to promote access and participation in cultural life, something that requires understanding audiences and their social and cultural dynamics. In Puerto Rico, the topic of cultural consumption was practically absent from research and public discussion until 2013 when the Commission for Cultural Development (CODECU) was created, whose objective was to design recommendations for cultural policy. As part of this effort, it was understood that it was important to contribute to the future by organizing a cultural information system that would support decision-making. As a starting point, the Study of the Cultural Ecosystem in Puerto Rico was published, which integrated an analysis of the economic impact of cultural activity, a study of cultural agents (entities and individuals) and a survey of cultural consumption. This research exercise served to validate that cultural policies should be designed for the entire value chain, from talent training to cultural consumption. The first survey of consumption and cultural participation included in this report made it possible to understand the relative consumption of certain cultural, individual and collective activities. It served to establish a basis from which to continue studies and understand trends, as well as challenges and opportunities to ensure cultural participation. They also highlight a poorly thought out challenge for Puerto Rico: diversity in cultural consumption according to geographical regions. Despite being a country with a small geographical area, there was preliminary evidence of a high concentration of cultural consumption in the metropolitan area, something quite common in cities and linked to the concentration of cultural infrastructure, the purchasing power of the population and the cost challenges associated with the geographical displacement of cultural activities. Despite these first findings, and the subsequent carrying out of two additional surveys that were carried out in 2020 and 2021, and which made it possible to collect consumption levels before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, no subsequent research was conducted with these databases to test some hypotheses and identify trends that impact public policy decision-making. For this reason, the present study on barriers to cultural consumption seeks to provide the cultural ecosystem in Puerto Rico with some conclusions about elements that public policy and cultural management must address in order to advance cultural consumption and participation as a universal human right.

It presents a comprehensive view of the role of developers of business ecosystems and the collective impact. It interactively explores who undertakes, the tools and projects developed, the gaps they face and the collective impact of the entrepreneurial community.

It presents a study that reports on the local banking sector and the financial sector. It highlights in detail its history in Puerto Rico and the importance of these sectors for Puerto Rico's socioeconomy.

She presents research that suggests that reading proficiently at the end of third grade is a key indicator of future academic success.

Report on the number of doctors and surgeons in the different medical specialties practicing in Puerto Rico. This report seeks to document how the number of doctors has changed in recent years, in the face of growing concern about the lack of doctors and health professionals.

The presentation explores opportunities for economic cooperation between Caribbean and Latin American countries. Through the analysis of Puerto Rico, the Dominican Republic, Chile, Colombia and Costa Rica, the region's common challenges are highlighted and strategies are proposed to strengthen trade, infrastructure and innovation.

This report, prepared by Open Spaces (EA), analyzes the effects of the 15% Global Minimum Tax (IMG) in Puerto Rico, evaluating both the opportunities and the risks it presents. The digitalization and globalization of the economy have allowed multinationals to transfer profits to low-tax jurisdictions, resulting in the loss of significant tax revenues worldwide. This situation has led more than 140 jurisdictions to cooperate to implement an IMG that guarantees more equitable and sufficient taxation to finance essential public services. The OECD and the G-20 have developed the inclusive BEPS framework, with 147 economies committed to reforming international taxation through two pillars. Pillar I seeks to reassign tax rights on the profits of large multinationals to the markets where they sell. Pillar II, which includes the Global Minimum Tax (IMG) and the Subject to Taxation Clause (CSI), establishes a minimum tax of 15% for multinationals with consolidated annual revenues exceeding 750 million euros. This report focuses on Pillar II and its implications for Puerto Rico. Puerto Rico has historically used its limited contributory autonomy to attract investment through tax incentives and tax decrees. On the other hand, the federal government has led contributory policies such as the defunct Section 936. The removal of this section resulted in a decline in investment and employment on the island. In response, laws such as Act 154 of 2010 and Act 52 of 2022 were enacted to stabilize local tax policy. The implementation of the IMG in Puerto Rico could significantly increase tax revenues in the short term, but it also presents long-term risks if the island does not adapt its economic model to mitigate these impacts.

It highlights some of the main needs of children and youth to set priorities in resource allocation and design programs with a wider reach. It promotes informed decision-making and policies concerning children and youth. It facilitates the creation of welfare standards for municipalities and the state. It encourages debate on the situation of children and youth in Puerto Rico and helps to raise public awareness. It promotes the participation of all sectors, generating a sense of shared responsibility in the search for better conditions for all. It allows us to evaluate the long-term impact of programs and public policies. It makes it possible to compare Puerto Rico with the 50 states of the United States, the District of Columbia and the 78 municipalities of the Puerto Rican archipelago.

It presents a study that measures the impact of COVID-19 on cultural consumption in Puerto Rico with the findings of the 2nd Survey of Consumption and Cultural Participation in Puerto Rico conducted in December 2020.

It presents a culturally valid and effective method for racially and ethnically categorizing Puerto Ricans.

It presents information on reported incidents of domestic violence, victims and offenders. Key words: Police, type of crime, type of weapon, place of occurrence, area of occurrence.

It presents statistics on this type of violence, its sources of data and its definition.

Studies conducted on food security suggest that the percentage of food insecurity in Puerto Rico fluctuates between 30% and 50%. As estimated by the Food Insecurity Index of the Puerto Rico Socioeconomic Survey of Families with Minors (ESefam), 64% of households reported having at least one difficulty eating during the past 12 months, while 10% of households with children experienced extreme food insecurity. These data imply that there is a segment of families with minors and headed by people of working age who experience food insecurity. In Puerto Rico, it is estimated that less than 15% of the food consumed is produced and we have a poverty rate of 40% for the population and 54% of child poverty. In Puerto Rico, there are four federal programs aimed at supplementing food needs. The government of Puerto Rico has no programs funded by the state to reduce food insecurity, nor has it taken concerted action to ensure food for families. An important factor in the problem of food insecurity is poverty and the solution is to support the economic mobility of families with policies that increase income.

Food insecurity in Puerto Rico is one of the most profound manifestations of inequality, a crisis that hits women, our children, older adults and people living in poverty the hardest. The dependence on imported food, together with the scarcity of accessible markets and the high prices of fresh products, place our population in an alarming situation of vulnerability. This report not only seeks to point out the flaws and challenges in the food system, but also to make recommendations that invite a structural transformation in the food policy of our archipelago

It presents the diagnosis of what happened in cultural consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic, with four instances during this new reality (before the pandemic, starting at the close of March 2020, the first months of 2021 and starting in May when the reopening began).

Informe con datos y análisis de las tendencias del mercado de la vivienda en Puerto Rico. Contiene un trasfondo de las condiciones económicas de la Isla, así como las características generales de la población y la vivienda al 1 de septiembre de 2017.

Fuente: https://www.huduser.gov/portal/chma/pr.html

After two years of persistent inflation and uncertainty on different fronts, such as progress in debt restructuring, the disbursement of federal funds for reconstruction, and the future trajectory of interest rates, some observers argue that Puerto Rico's economy is normalizing and that, even without federal funds, the economy is strong enough to sustain robust growth. However, I am skeptical of this statement. The decreasing rate of inflation continued during 2023, with annual growth in general inflation standing at 3.4%, a notable decrease compared to 6.1% recorded in 2022. Parallel to this trend, the labor market showed resistance, with a net creation of 26,200 jobs and keeping the unemployment rate at an all-time low of 6.0%. In addition, the annual growth in the average weekly earnings of all workers (5.8%) exceeded the inflation rate (3.4%) in 2023, marking a change from 2022. These positive changes may favorably impact Puerto Rico's economy in the short term. Although better purchasing power and a possible reduction by the Federal Reserve (i.e., the Fed) in the federal funds rate sometime in the second half of 2024 could support consumer spending and economic growth, a more detailed analysis of several factors raises questions. For example, inflation on the island, particularly for certain foods and services (for example, cereals and bakery products, recreational services, and out-of-home accommodation), still substantially exceeds the average of 1.8% between 1984 and 2019. In any case, a lower inflation rate should not be confused with lower price levels. In addition, the reduction in the federal funds rate will not necessarily alleviate local credit conditions, since loan pricing is more likely to be guided by long-term interest rates, which in turn are influenced by factors outside the Fed's control, including inflation expectations, the federal government deficit and the appetite of foreign central banks for U.S. Treasury bonds. Structural problems such as labor shortages, an aging population, lower productivity and the transition to a net reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 will keep prices and interest rates high. Nobel Laureate in Economics Michael Spence stated in *The Next Phase of Our Inflation Journey* (2024) that “with structural changes that have diminished supply-side capacity to respond to demand-side pressures, higher real interest rates will be necessary to keep demand - and, therefore, inflationary forces - under control.” This would entail a higher cost of capital, which, in our case, will continue to limit private investment. Expensive loans, such as residential mortgages, will also restrict housing affordability in the local market. Finally, geopolitical risks (i.e., the Israel-Hamas war, the Ukraine-Russia war, and the Houthis' attacks on international vessels using the Red Sea route), upward adjustments in local commercial, industrial and residential electricity rates, higher tolls on highways, as well as rising food prices and the volatility of gasoline prices could reverse the trend towards lower inflation observed in the last two years.

It includes a monthly report and a tabulated database in total and by agency of the following variables:

1. Number of positions occupied at the end of the reference month, broken down by type of position (Career, Trust, Transitional, Irregular and Others) and by type of entity (Governor's Office, Departments and Agencies, Public Corporations, Judicial Branch, Legislative Branch, Municipalities, and others).
2. Monthly change in the number of positions held by type of position and by type of entity.
3. Total number of occupied positions for each government entity.
4. Number of positions with employees reported to the State Insurance Fund (available through December 2016).

The statistics presented in this report come from the Register of Occupied Positions and Related Information, created under Act No. 103-2006, known as the Puerto Rico Government Tax Reform Act of 2006. Every government entity is required to certify this information to the Comptroller's Office on a monthly basis. In those cases where the entity has not fulfilled its duty to certify its figures in a timely manner, the Statistics Institute makes a simple statistical attribution to the missing data to complete the statistics. Specifically, for positions held and for people reported to the State Insurance Fund, the last figure reported by the government entity is used. As of the seventh month without reporting, the figures are not counted and these agencies are identified in table 4 of the report. All figures are preliminary and are subject to revision.

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It contains a brief introduction to the program that produces the information and an analytical summary of the data contained in the publication.

Monthly retail sales estimates in Puerto Rico. The statistics are broken down by geographic region (Aguadilla, Arecibo, Bayamon, Caguas, Fajardo, Guayama, Mayaguez, Ponce and San Juan), by business size (Quarterly Payroll of less than $20,000, Quarterly Payroll between $20,000 and $250,000, and Quarterly Payroll greater than $250,000), and by categories in the retail sector of the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC).

It presents statistics on crime in Puerto Rico, in accordance with the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) statistical model of the National Incident Based Reporting System (NIBRS). It includes the number of complaints filed for the seven crimes, classified as type I:

1) Crimes of Violence (Murders and Homicides, Violations by Force, Robbery, Aggravated Assault).

2) Property crimes (Escalations, Illegal Appropriations, Car Theft).

The data are presented by regions, districts or districts, municipalities, surveillance sectors and by months.

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Describe the population of eligible and insured beneficiaries of the Government Health Plan (MI Salud). It is distributed by regions and municipalities of Puerto Rico and gender.

It presents statistics on deaths that occurred in road accidents. It includes breakdowns by month, day of the week, region, municipality, highway patrol units, age, gender, type of victims (Driver, Pedestrian, Passenger, Motorcyclist, Cyclist and Rider), time of the accident, and in some cases by calendar day. All accidents reported by the Bureau of Highway, Highway and Urban Train Patrol are included, even if they have not been reported through a complaint.

The Puerto Rico Innovation and Technology Service Office (PRITS) will prepare a quarterly report, which must be filed both in the House of Representatives and in the Senate of Puerto Rico, in which it will disclose the results of its efforts and investigations, which will be published on the main pages of PRITS and the Puerto Rico Statistics Institute. PRITS must adopt policies and standards regarding the content and format of these reports.

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Electronic portal for geographical applications that integrates into a single platform (MIPR) all the official maps of the Puerto Rico Planning Board. It makes it possible to locate and evaluate environmental, physical and regulatory characteristics of any plot or place on the island. Keywords: Planning, zoning, qualification, GIS maps, land use, permits, infrastructure, Planning Board, MIPR.

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Repositorio digital de recursos científicos y bases de datos geoespaciales producidos por el Instituto Internacional de Dasonomía Tropical. Ofrece acceso a herramientas de mapeo, inventarios forestales, datos climáticos de bosques experimentales y aplicaciones interactivas para el estudio de ecosistemas tropicales.

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Environmental monitoring platform that reports daily air quality levels in Puerto Rico through a network of atmospheric sampling stations. It uses the standardized Air Quality Index (AQI) to easily communicate the level of air purity or pollution and its associated health effects.

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National database managed by the EPA's Landfill Methane Disclosure Program (LMOP). It provides detailed data in Excel format on municipal solid waste landfills and landfill gas (LFG) energy recovery projects, broken down by state and territory, including Puerto Rico.

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Brazo operacional del Departamento de Recursos Naturales y Ambientales (DRNA) encargado de la planificación, desarrollo y cumplimiento de la política pública sobre el manejo de desperdicios sólidos en Puerto Rico. El portal ofrece acceso a informes técnicos, estudios de caracterización y guías sobre el manejo de residuos.

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A statistical and analysis portal that provides a comprehensive view of Puerto Rico's energy landscape. It presents detailed data on energy production, consumption, prices and infrastructure on the island, comparing them with the averages of the 50 U.S. states. UU.

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National hydrological data repository that provides access to historical and real-time information on the water resources of the United States and its territories, including Puerto Rico. The system integrates data from more than 1.5 million monitoring locations, using automated sensors and manual collection.

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Weekly map that integrates multiple indices and climate indicators to show the location, intensity and time scale of drought conditions in Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. UU. Use a five-level severity scale

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Geospatial interface and search engine that allows you to locate meteorological and climate observation stations around the world. The system facilitates access to historical and current records stored in the NOAA national archive, allowing stations to be filtered by geographical location, type of database and period of time available

Web application that presents interactive tables with the average seasonal cycles of sea level for coastal stations in the United States and its territories (including Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands). The data show the monthly variation in sea level in meters compared to the annual average

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Portal de datos operativos que presenta un resumen detallado de la infraestructura de generación de energía en Puerto Rico. Incluye información sobre la capacidad instalada y la aportación de las centrales de carga base, unidades de ciclo combinado, turbinas de combustión, sistemas hidroeléctricos y cogeneradoras privadas.

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Real-time monitoring platform that presents the status of the main bodies of water (reservoirs) that supply both hydroelectric power plants and drinking water filtration plants in Puerto Rico. The system classifies the state of each reservoir according to operational scales (Security, Observation, Adjustments, Control or Rationing).

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Interactive portal that allows you to view and download the Consumer Confidence Reports (CCR) generated annually. The system allows you to filter documents by year and by the specific water system (municipality or community) that serves the user.

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It presents an updated scientific summary of the state of the climate in Puerto Rico, covering the period from 2014 to 2021. The report compiles findings of more than 150 researchers and collaborators on the manifestations of climate change on the island and its socio-ecological impacts

It presents information on historical and real-time weather conditions collected by official stations. The system (Now Data) makes it possible to generate summaries of meteorological data for specific locations. Key words:Temperature, precipitation, weather records, San Juan, forecast, NOAA.

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It contains energy generation (gross and net) and maximum demand. In addition, it presents consumption, number of customers, income (basic, for fuel adjustments, and for energy purchase), the cent per kilowatt hour (basic, for fuel adjustments, and for energy purchase), broken down by type of customer: residential, commercial, industrial, public lighting, agricultural and others.

It is made up of net income and other proceeds or resources that enter the General Fund. This Fund is the main source of government resources considered when preparing the joint resolution of the government budget. The role of the General Fund depends on the emergence of priorities that are determined annually by the Executive and the Legislative Assembly. This fund does not have an advance allocation, unlike special funds, which have a pre-established purpose. It is broken down into 1) revenues from state sources that include taxpayers such as income contributions, sales and use taxes (VAT), taxes, licenses, non-contributory revenues, including traditional and electronic lotteries and miscellaneous income, and 2) collections from external sources such as: customs duties and federal taxes on rum shipments, which the Government of the United States returns to the Government of Puerto Rico.

The report includes monthly estimates of the hotel occupancy rate (including the number of rooms-nights occupied and the number of rooms-nights available), as well as the average rates for renting a room, broken down between hotels in the San Juan Metropolitan Area and hotels outside the Metropolitan Area. These estimates come from the Tourism Company's Daily Survey. This Survey collects a non-probabilistic sample of hotels in the Company's Monthly Survey every business day. For more information on the Monthly Survey, see the PRTC Monthly Statistic Report. The Daily Survey sample includes 33 of the largest hotels endorsed by the Tourism Company, which represent 65 percent of the rooms. The Daily Survey allows the Company to monitor business conditions in hotels in a more timely and frequent manner, for example, including the ability to measure business conditions over long weekends. The data in this report are published to provide more timely estimates than can be obtained from the PRTC Monthly Statistic Report. For this purpose, they are presented on a monthly basis. However, the data are not comparable with the results of the PRTC Monthly Statistic Report: historically, the occupancy rate and the average rates of the Daily Survey are higher than the corresponding estimates of the Monthly Survey.

It contains monthly statistics of people who register at hotels endorsed by the Tourism Company. It includes the number of people who register by type of registrant (residents, non-residents), by type of hotel (Tourist Hotel, Commercial Hotel, Paradores), by region (Metropolitan, West (Sun Gate), East Central, South (Caribbean Gate), North Central), by number of rooms in the hotel, as well as the occupancy percentage of hotel rooms, the number of room nights sold and available, and the average length of stay. In addition, it includes several tables that show the average room rates (Average Room Rate) by region and by number of rooms in the hotel.

Tables that show the flow of passengers and cruise trips distributed between base-port cruises and those in transit.

The report collects the average daily correctional population broken down by region, institution and levels of custody. In addition, it is grouped into summary and sentenced; female and young adults (16 to 21 years old).

Puerto Rico employment and unemployment statistics, which come from the Worker Group Survey of the Department of Labor and Human Resources; and the Bureau of Labor Statistics' Current Employment Statistics. It includes the labor force, the unemployment rate, and wage employment by industrial sector.

It presents statistics on travelers and visitors to Puerto Rico, including the expenditure made in Puerto Rico, age, sex, education, purpose of the trip, and others. This information comes from the Traveler's Survey, which is carried out on travelers at airports and tourist piers.

After the Decennial Census, the Population Estimates Program of the U.S. Census Bureau You produce population estimates every year of the decade for the United States, its states, its counties, cities and towns, as well as for Puerto Rico and its municipalities. In addition, the demographic components of population change (births, deaths and migration) are also published by age group and sex

Caesarean section is a major surgical intervention that involves high costs and adverse outcomes, such as surgical complications, compared to vaginal delivery (1—3). The C-section rate in Puerto Rico increased from just over 30% in the early and mid-1990s to more than 40% in the early 2000s (4.5). During this period, C-section rates in Puerto Rico were between 40% and 70% higher than those in the continental United States and up to 78% higher than those reported in Hispanic women from the same territory (4.5). This report describes trends in the C-section rate in Puerto Rico from 2010 to 2022 and analyzes changes by maternal age, gestational age and municipality between 2018 and 2022.

It is a step-by-step guide for statistical and civil registry offices to adopt a series of measures, activities, methods and techniques in order to- develop an effective information, education and communication program as part of the program to improve civil registration and vital statistics systems.

This report presents the definitions of what drought is, the different manifestations of drought, an account of the most important events that occurred during the 2014-2016 drought in Puerto Rico and the achievements achieved. It concludes with the lessons learned during this experience and presents recommendations for future events.

It presents a profile of SMEs in the following indicators: number of establishments, employment, payroll, retail sales, exports, programs operating under DDEC incentives, contribution to Gross Domestic Product, closures and multiplier effect for the calendar year.

Monthly report to the Governor of Puerto Rico, in compliance with Executive Order 2021-013, which defines the scope, general notes of the 28-January-2022 meeting of the PARE Committee and its Plan of Action.

It presents a profile of SMEs in the following indicators: number of establishments, employment, payroll, retail sales, exports, programs operating under DDEC incentives, contribution to Gross Domestic Product, closures and multiplier effect for the calendar year.

It includes a list of data from the Criminal Justice System on incidents of domestic violence and other variables. It also highlights the importance of Protective Orders.

It presents the Puerto Rican health picture and topics such as the cost of health, births, deaths, life expectancy, migration, mortality due to causes, morbidity, health professionals, health facilities and the insured.

The United Nations Education, Science, and Culture Organization (UNESCO) has developed a series of norms and standards whose main objective is to ensure international comparability of statistics on educational investment. As part of efforts to obtain complete statistics on educational investment in Puerto Rico, officials from the UNESCO Institute of Statistics were in Puerto Rico between March 31 and April 4, 2014, and offered technical assistance on internationally agreed norms and standards to measure educational investment in each country in a comparable way. As a result of the results of this visit, this Summary of Achievements and Data Plan was developed, which will serve as a working guide to obtain the necessary statistics within the shortest possible time.

It includes a list of data from the Criminal Justice System on incidents of domestic violence and analyzes the challenges of interagency coordination.

It includes a list of data from the Criminal Justice System on incidents of domestic violence. Keywords: Law 54, Police, Victim, Survivor, Aggressor, Place, Abuse, Order of Protection.

It presents a profile of SMEs in the following indicators: number of establishments, employment, payroll, retail sales, exports, programs operating under DDEC incentives, contribution to Gross Domestic Product, closures and multiplier effect for the calendar year.

It presents a profile of SMEs in the following indicators: number of establishments, employment, payroll, retail sales, exports, programs operating under DDEC incentives, contribution to Gross Domestic Product, closures and multiplier effect for the calendar year.

During the preparation of the report, the Committee for the Study of Puerto Rico's Finances (Committee), its staff and consultants relied heavily on the staff of the Puerto Rico Government Development Bank and other government agencies for information, statistics, advice, comments and critiques. The Committee and its staff also benefited from consultation with Puerto Ricans outside the government, economists, businessmen, bankers and others. The Committee would concentrate its efforts on the broad financial and fiscal aspects of Puerto Rico's economic future.

It presents a profile of SMEs in the following indicators: number of establishments, employment, payroll, retail sales, exports, programs operating under DDEC incentives, contribution to Gross Domestic Product, closures and multiplier effect for the calendar year.

It presents a profile of SMEs in the following indicators: number of establishments, employment, payroll, retail sales, exports, programs operating under DDEC incentives, contribution to Gross Domestic Product, closures and multiplier effect for the calendar year.

It presents a profile of SMEs in terms of the following indicators: number of establishments, employment, payroll, retail sales and exports for the calendar year.

The Department of Justice's Danger Assessment Instrument Findings Report provides a detailed analysis of the levels of dangerousness in cases of domestic violence in Puerto Rico. Based on data collected from women complainants, key risk factors and patterns are identified that require priority attention. This report includes descriptive statistics on the complainants, relative risk analyses for the factors evaluated and adjusted rates by municipality, providing a clearer and more accurate view of the problem. In addition, disparities between levels of dangerousness (variable and increasing versus severe and extreme) are highlighted, emphasizing the need for an effective and timely institutional response to prevent lethal violence.

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It presents statistics on the sludge generated.

List of contact information and industrial composition of companies and/or projects operating under DDEC-PRIDCO incentive programs.

Review of the 1983 publication on the subject, in the light of the 1990 Population and Housing Census and the adoption of new methods for making seasonal adjustments.

It mainly refers to the production and sale of milk. The content of the report is divided into: Agricultural Phase, Industrial Phase, Dairy Industry Regulatory Office, Livestock Settlement System, Dairy Herd Health Program, Preventive Maintenance, Cleaning and Sanitation Program for Dairy Milking Equipment, Fund for the Promotion of the Dairy Industry, Milk Quality Program, Livestock Assistance Program, Puerto Rico Dairy Industry Perspectives.

The financial statements present all fiscal aspects of the Systems with respect to each fiscal year and the changes in their net asset position for the year ended on that date, in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States.

It presents the number and amount of benefits paid under Social Security, also known as Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI), for the month of December of each year, by type of beneficiary (retired worker, spouse of retired worker, child of retired worker, spouse or parents of survivors, children of survivors, disabled workers, spouse of disabled workers, children of disabled workers), by age group (65 years or older), by sex and by municipality.